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JG51
Country : Germany
Founded : August 1939



Jagdgeschwader 51 Mölders was a Luftwaffe fighter wing during World War II, named after the fighter ace Werner Mölders in 1942. JG 51's pilots won more Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes than any other Jagdgeschwader, and flew combat from 1939 in all major theatres of war. Flying Bf 109s and then FW 190s, the wing claimed over 8,000 air victories. Experten included 'Toni' Hafner, Heinz Bär, Richard Leppla, Karl-Gottfried Nordmann, Günther Schack and the legendary Mölders.

Formed in August 1939, and commanded by 48-year-old World War I ace Onkel Theo Osterkamp, the early months of the war JG 51 was based in the West, fighting in the French campaign, and in the Battle of Britain. From late June to mid July JG 51 was the only fighter Geschwader engaged against the RAF constantly. During the whole battle JG 51 lost 68 pilots, the highest casualty rate of the Luftwaffe fighter units engaged. JG 51 was one of the two Geschewader that had four Gruppen. The other being JG 1.

Four Bf 109 of JG 51 in France 1940Whilst based out of the Belgian airfield at Mardyik in late 1940, the German ace Josef "Pips" Priller was a Staffelkapitän with JG 51, flying Bf 109-E "Yellow One". Josef Priller went on to score over 100 victories, the third highest scoring Luftwaffe day fighter ace on the Western Front, fighting solely against the Western Allies.

Against the Western Allies JG 51 had claimed 345 aircraft destroyed by May 1941. JG 51 were therefore one of the Jagdwaffe's elite units, with 'top ten' aces at this time including Werner Mölders with 68 claims, Walter Oesau with 34 claims, and Hermann-Friedrich Joppien with 31. Major Werner Mölders became unit Geschwaderkommodore during July 1940 and led the unit into the invasion of Russia in June 1941.

Barbarossa (1941)

Claiming 69 kills on the first day of the offensive, by 30 June 1941 JG 51 became the first fighter Geschwader to claim 1,000 air victories (113 kills in 157 sorties were claimed for the day). On 24 June JG 51 claimed 57 bombers shot down for the day. Mölders became the first fighter pilot to reach 100 claims in August and in the same month JG 51's Oberfeldwebel Heinz Bär reached 60 claims and was decorated with the Oak Leaves. A total of 500 Soviet claims was reached on 12 July 1941, although 6 pilots had been lost by JG 51 in the intervening 3 weeks since the offensive had started.

After Mölders' departure in September 1941 (and death later that year) the Geschwader adopted his name as a title of honor in early 1942. Jagdgeschwader 51 Mölders was to remain on the centre sector of the Russian front throughout the rest of 1941. However Oberstleutnant Friedrich Beckh ( one of the few fighter pilots to wear spectacles) proved an uncharismatic commander after Mölders, and it was not until Major Karl-Gottfried Nordmann took over in April 1942 that a worthy successor to Mölders was found. In the period 22 June - 5 December 1941 the unit destroyed 1,881 Soviet aircraft, in return for 84 losses in aerial combat and a single aircraft on the ground.

Air support for the Wehrmacht's Army Group Centre was entrusted to General Wolfram Freiherr von Richthofen's VIII. Fliegerkorps. In early January 1942, among the fighter units available to von Richthofen were II, III and IV/ JG 51. With the onset of the sub-zero conditions of the Russian winter, the majority of JG 51's available aircraft became grounded.

The Russian winter counter offensive forced III./ JG 51 into flying numerous fighter-bomber operations in direct support of the infantry, and the gruppe filed few aerial 'kill' claims through January 1942. II./ JG 51 however, accounted for most of VIII. Fliegerkorps's aerial victories during the Soviet offensive. Particularly successful was the duo of Lt. Hans Strelow and Ofw. Wilhelm Mink, both of 5. JG 51. They claimed five MiG-3s of 16 IAP on 4 January (Mink claimed three) and 9 days later Mink claimed a Pe-2 and Strelow destroyed two R-Z biplanes for his 30th and 31st victories. On 4 February, Strelow increased his victories to 36 by shooting down four Russian aircraft. The 19 year-old Strelow claimed his 40th victory on 28 February and claimed 4 victories on both 6 March and 17 March. The next day he was awarded the Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes and also shot down seven Soviet aircraft. He was awarded the Eichenlaub on 24 March, his claims total at 66.

Normandy (1944)

7./JG 51, (with Bf 109G-6's) was attached to II./JG 1 in May 1944 from Brest-Litovsk, with pilots arriving at Störmede late in May and hurriedly converting to the FW-190. (It was later renamed 8./JG 1 on 15 August 1944 when the four-Staffeln Gruppe became standard) 7. Staffel was led by Ritterkreuzträger (Knight's Cross winner) Hptm. Karl-Heinz Weber with 136 confirmed kills. Its two other experten were Lt. Friedrich Krakowitzer (23 kills) and Ofhr. Günther Heckmann with 12 kills.

7./JG 51 joined II. Gruppe with 15 pilots on strength at the end of May, and during the first two months of the Normandy campaign the staffel was decimated, with twelve pilots killed, one POW and one severely wounded.

As the war turned against Germany JG 51 was forced to operate closer and closer to Germany, finally staging out of East Prussia.



Ivan Berryman JG51 Aviation Art Prints, Paintings and Drawings
Aviation Art

Anton Hafner by Ivan Berryman.

Anton Hafner by Ivan Berryman.
9 of 10 editions available.
All 3 editions featuring up to 5 additional signatures are available.
£2.90 - £500.00



Text for the above items :

Anton Hafner by Ivan Berryman.

The top scoring ace of JG.51, Anton Hafner is credited with 204 confirmed victories. A prolific scorer, on 8th August 1944, he shot down no fewer than seven Russian Sturmoviks and, by October of that year, his overall tally had exceeded 200. He died in combat with a Yak 7, his 204th victim, when his aircraft hit a tree. He is shown here in Messerschmitt Bf.109G-6 442013 Black 1.






Known Aces for this squadron
Ace NameVictories
Heinz Bar220.00
Hermann Graf212.00
Anton Hafner204.00
Joachim Brendel189.00
Gunther Josten178.00
Gunther Schack174.00
Kurt Tanzer143.00
Horst-Gunther von Fassong137.00
Karl-Heinz Weber136.00
Joachim Muncheberg135.00
Walter Oesau133.00
Adolf Borchers132.00
Gerhard Hoffmann125.00
Heinz Marquardt121.00
Erich Leie118.00
Franz-Josef Beerenbrock117.00
Werner Molders115.00
Bernhard Vechtel108.00
Viktor Bauer106.00
Hartmann Grasser103.00
Josef Priller101.00
Diethelm von Eichel-Streiber96.00
Heinrich Hofemeier96.00
Rudolf Resch95.00
Heinrich Klopper94.00
Oskar Romm92.00
Josef Jennewein86.00
Peter Kalden84.00
Horst Haase82.00
Hermann Lucke81.00
Rudolf Wagner81.00
Otto Wurfel79.00
Georg-Peter Eder78.00
Heinrich Krafft78.00
Karl-Gottfried Nordmann78.00
Maximilian Mayerl76.00
Edwin Thiel76.00
Otto Gaiser74.00
Anton Lindner73.00
Otto Schultz73.00
Wilhelm Mink72.00
Karl-Heinz Schnell72.00
Hermann-Friedrich Joppien70.00
Heinz Lange70.00
Helmut Ruffler70.00
Ernst Weismann69.00
Kurt Dombacher68.00
Herbert Huppertz68.00
Richard Leppla68.00
Fritz Losigkeit68.00
Hans Strelow68.00
Otto Tange68.00
Hubert Strassl67.00
Erwin Fleig66.00
Bernd Gallowitsch64.00
Walter Borchers63.00
Heinrich Hoffmann63.00
Hermann Staiger63.00
Wilhelm Hubner62.00
Hannes Trautloft61.00
Hans-Ekkehard Bob60.00
Alfred Rauch60.00
Walther Wever60.00
Herbert Friebel58.00
Heinrich Dittlmann57.00
Edmund Wagner57.00
Herbert Bareuther56.00
Helmut Schonfelder56.00
Erich Hohagen55.00
Gabriel Tautscher55.00
Kurt Knappe54.00
Heinz Leber54.00
Herbert Puschmann54.00
Franz Barten53.00
Fritz Lueddecke50.00
Karl Willius50.00
Friedrich Beckh48.00
Oskar Zimmermann48.00
Wolfgang Bowing-Treuding46.00
Erwin Laskowski46.00
Karl Rammelt46.00
Wilhelm Kuken45.00
Gerhard Schopfel45.00
Wilhelm Moritz44.00
Richard Quante44.00
Gerhard Schneider41.00
Bernhard Lausch39.00
Georg Seelmann39.00
Fritz Stendel39.00
Josef Gabl38.00
Theo Osterkamp38.00
Klaus Neumann37.00
Elias Kuhlein36.00
Herbert Wehnelt36.00
Walter Stengel34.00
Horst Tietzen34.00
Martin Ulbrich33.00
Joachim Hacker32.00
Hermann Segatz31.00
Erich Barz30.00
Josef Fozo30.00
Ralph Furch30.00
Joachim Hamer30.00
Friedrich Heimann30.00
Helmut Pfuller28.00
Hans Kolbow27.00
Horst Petzschler27.00
Johann Knauth26.00
Franz-Josef Zoufahl26.00
Fritz Liebelt25.00
Arnold Lignitz25.00
Karl Stadeck25.00
Gunther Stedtfeld25.00
Horst Walther25.00
Hans Keller24.00
Heinz Busse22.00
Robert Fuchs22.00
Friedrich Simon22.00
Hans-Joachim Steffens22.00
Friedrich Schelker22.00
Erich Gerlitz20.00
Gunther Heckmann20.00
Harald Jung20.00
Gerhard Schwarz20.00
Georg Seidel20.00
Ernst Scheufele18.00
Heinz Schumann18.00
Georg Claus18.00
Friedrich Eberle17.00
Heinz Radlauer15.00
Gottfried Schlitzer14.00
Heinz Tornow12.00
Wilhelm Hachfeld11.00
Gunther Rubell11.00
Leander Mayer11.00
Franz Willinger10.00
Helmut Lohoff10.00
Ernst Terry9.00
Wilfried Balfanz9.00
Wilhelm Gasthaus9.00
Karl Schmid9.00
Michael Sonner9.00
Johannes Buttner8.00
Hans Dieter John8.00
Werner Hubner7.00
Heinz-Günter Fleischhacker7.00
Karl Führing7.00
Arthur Dau7.00
Hermann Kohl6.00
Hans-Karl Keitel6.00
Egon Falkensamer5.00


JG51
Aircraft details




Fw190
Manufacturer : Fokke-Wulf


Fw190
The Focke-Wulf 190 development project began in 1937. Conceived as a hedge against total dependence on the Messerchmitt 109, the 190 was designed by Kurt Tank utilizing a radial engine. This was against generally accepted design criteria in Germany, and many historians believe that the decision to produce a radial engine fighter was largely due to the limited manufacturing capacity for in-line, water-cooled engines which were widely used on all other Luftwaffe aircraft. Despite these concerns, Tanks design was brilliant, and the 190 would become one of the top fighter aircraft of WWII. The first prototype flew in mid-1939. The aircraft had excellent flying characteristics, a wonderful rate of acceleration, and was heavily armed. By late 1940 the new fighter was ordered into production. Nicknamed the butcher bird, by Luftwaffe pilots, early 190s were quite successful in the bomber interceptor role, but at this stage of the war many Allied bombing raids lacked fighter escort. As the war dragged on, Allied bombers were increasingly accompanied by fighters, including the very effective P-51 Mustang. The Allies learned from experience that the 190s performance fell off sharply at altitudes above 20,000 feet. As a result, most Allied bombing missions were shifted to higher altitudes when fighter opposition was likely. Kurt Tank had recognized this shortcoming and began working on a high-altitude version of the 190 utilizing an in-line, water-cooled engine. Utilizing a Jumo 12-cylinder engine rated at 1770-HP, and capable of 2,240-HP for short bursts with its methanol injection system, the 190D, or Long Nose or Dora as it was called, had a top speed of 426-MPH at 22,000 feet. Armament was improved with two fuselage and two wing mounted 20mm cannon. To accommodate the changes in power plants the Dora had a longer, more streamlined fuselage, with 24 inches added to the nose, and an additional 19 inches added aft of the cockpit to compensate for the altered center of gravity. By mid 1944 the Dora began to reach fighter squadrons in quantity. Although the aircraft had all the right attributes to serve admirably in the high altitude interceptor role, it was not generally focused on such missions. Instead many 190Ds were assigned to protect airfields where Me-262 jet fighters were based. This was due to the latter aircrafts extreme vulnerability to Allied attack during takeoff and landing. The 190Ds also played a major role in Operation Bodenplatte, the New Years Day raid in 1945 which destroyed approximately 500 Allied aircraft on the ground. The High Command was impressed with the 190Ds record on this raid, and ordered most future production of the Doras to be equipped as fighter-bombers. In retrospect this was a strategic error, and this capable aircraft was not fully utilized in the role for which it was intended.



Me109
Manufacturer : Messerschmitt
Built : 33984


Me109
Willy Messerschmitt designed the BF109 during the early 1930s. The Bf109 was one of the first all metal monocoque construction fighters with a closed canopy and retractable undercarriage. The engine of the Me109 was a V12 aero engine which was liquid-cooled. The Bf109 first saw operational service during the Spanish Civil War and flew to the end of World War II, during which time it was the backbone of the Luftwaffe fighter squadrons. During the Battle of Britian the Bf109 was used in the role of an escort fighter, a role for which it was not designed for, and it was also used as a fighter bomber. During the last days of May 1940 Robert Stanford-Tuck, the RAF ace, got the chance to fly an Me109 which they had rebuilt after it had crash landed. Stanford-Tuck found out that the Me109 was a wonderful little plane, it was slightly faster than the Spitfire, but lacked the Spitfire manoeuvrability. By testing the Me109, Tuck could put himself inside the Me109 when fighting them, knowing its weak and strong points. With the introduction of the improved Bf109F in the spring of 1941, the type again proved to be an effective fighter during the invasion of Yugoslavia and during the Battle of Crete and the invasion of Russia and it was used during the Siege of the Mediteranean island of Malta. The Bf109 was the main fighter for the Luftwaffe until 1942 when the Fw190 entered service and shared this position, and was partially replaced in Western Europe, but the Me109 continued to serve on the Eastern Front and during the defence of the Reich against the allied bombers. It was also used to good effect in the Mediterranean and North Africa in support of The Africa Korps. The Me109 was also supplied to several German allies, including Finland, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria, Croatia, and Slovakia. The Bf109 scored more kills than any other fighter of any country during the war and was built in greater numbers with a total of over 31,000 aircraft being built. The Bf109 was flown by the three top German aces of the war war. Erich Hartmann with 352 victories, Gerhard Barkhorn with 301 victories and Gunther Rall with 275 kills. Bf109 pilots were credited with the destruction of 100 or more enemy aircraft. Thirteen Luftwaffe Aces scored more than 200 kills. Altogether this group of pilots were credited with a total of nearly 15,000 kills, of which the Messerschmitt Bf109 was credited with over 10,000 of these victories. The Bf109 was the most produced warplane during World War II, with 30,573 examples built during the war, and the most produced fighter aircraft in history, with a total of 33,984 units produced up to April 1945. Bf109s remained in foreign service for many years after World War II. The Swiss used their Bf109Gs well into the 1950s. The Finnish Air Force did not retire their Bf109Gs until March 1954. Romania used its Bf109s until 1955. The Spanish Hispanos flew even longer. Some were still in service in the late 1960s.


JG51
Pilot and aircrew signature details





Major Hans-Ekkehard Bob
Our estimated value of this signature : £50
Died : 2013

Major Hans-Ekkehard Bob

After success in the Battle of Britain, Hans-Ekkehard Bob took over leadership of 9./JG54 in 1940. The following year he was awarded the Knights Cross. Transferring to the Eastern Front his victories rose steadily to 50 by September 1942. His Group later transferred back to the West for a short period, where in April 1943, he rammed a B-17 Fortress. Returning to the Eastern Front as Kommander of IV./JG3, he ended the war as Adjutant of Gallands JV44 in the West. In his 700 missions he scored 60 victories.







Adolf Borchers
Our estimated value of this signature : £60
Died : 1996

Adolf Borchers

Adolf Borchers was born on 10th February 1913 in Wendhausen near Lunesburg. In the autumn of 1938 he was in the Legion Condor. He was transferred to JG51 where he flew in the Polish and Western campaign and in the Battle of Britain, during which he scored five victories. By the end of 1941 his score stood at 23. In October 1942 he was promoted to Officer and named squadron leader of 11./JG51. By the end of 1942 his score stood at 38. On 7th May 1943 he scored his 44th to 49th victories. A short time later he was awarded the Knights Cross for 78 victories. He was then neamd Commander of 1./JG52 on 11th June 1944 and on 24th July that year he scored his 110th victory. His 118th victory came on 2nd September, the same time the 10,000th victory of JG52 was recorded. Erci hHartmann took over 1./JG52 on 1st February 1945 and Borchers was appointed Commander of iii./JG52. He was bitterly disappointed at being replaced by this youngster and carried that resentment to the grave. Borchers flew approximately 800 missions and had 132 victories, including 5 in the west. He was the 53rd ranking ace in Germany. Adolf Borchers died 9th February 1996.







Hermann Graf
Our estimated value of this signature : £70
Died : 1988

Hermann Graf

Hermann Graf, born in October 1912, trained to be a pilot from 1936, and in the summer of 1939 joined 2./JG51. With 9./JG52, Graf was transferred around several European stations, including Greece and Romania, eventually transferring to the Ukraine in August 1941. Claiming his first victory in August 1941, by early 1942 he had scored 45 victories, earning him the Knights Cross on 24th January 1942. Rapidly adding to his victories on the eastern front, Hermann Graf became the first pilot to score over 200 victories, earning the Oak Leaves, Sword and Diamonds to his Knights Cross on 17th May, 19th May and 16th September 1942 respectively. Due to the potential morale loss should such a high scoring Ace be shot down, he was subsequently moved to command a pilot training unit. He was injured after a collision with an American fighter in March 1944, recovering to take command of JG52 once again. finally surrendering his unit in May 1945. His total was 212 victories. Hermann Graf died 11th April 1988.







Major Heinz Lange
Our estimated value of this signature : £60
Died : 2006

Major Heinz Lange

At the outbreak of war Heinz Lange was with I./JG21 scoring his first victory in October 1939. He flew 76 missions in the Battle of Britain with 8./JG54, and never lost a wingman. After flying in the Balkan campaign he took part in the invasion of Russia, scoring 7 victories during the first week. In October 1941 he was given command of 1./JG54 and in 1942 command of 3./JG51. In January 1944 Heinz Lange returned to JG54 to command 1.Gruppe and then back to JG51 where he was appointed Kommodore of JG51 Molders, leading IV./JG51 at the same time. Heinz Lange flew over 628 missions and achieved 70 victories. He was awarded the Knight's Cross. Born 2nd October 1917, died 26th February 2006.







Oberfeldwebel Heinz Marquardt
Our estimated value of this signature : £65
Died : 2003

Oberfeldwebel Heinz Marquardt

In late 1941 Heinz Marquardt was with a training squadron south of Paris. In August 1943 he was posted to join IV./JG51 in Russia, achieving his first victory two months later. Shot down eight times, he once achieved twelve victories in a single day. Awarded the Knight's Cross in November 1944, he flew a total of 320 missions, and scored 121 victories. Sadly, Heinz Marquardt died 19th December 2003, aged 80.







Feldwebel Heinz Radlauer
Our estimated value of this signature : £45

Feldwebel Heinz Radlauer

Heinz Radlauer learnt to fly gliders in 1940, aged 17, and joined the Luftwaffe in August 1941. After Fighter School, in June 1944 he was posted to join JG51 Molders then fighting on the Eastern Front near Minsk, scoring his first victory in October of that year. Heinz Radlauer fleew the Bf109G, the Fw190A, and at the end of the war the Fw190D, by which time he had notched up over 100 combat missions, flying his last combat mission on 30th April 1945. Credited with 15 air victories, all on the Eastern Front, he was awarded the Iron Cross 1st and 2nd Class.







Major Gerhard Schopfel
Our estimated value of this signature : £65
Died : 2003

Major Gerhard Schopfel

Gerhard Schopfel was Staffelkapitan of 9./JG26 at the outbreak of war, and became Kommandeur of III./JG26 in August 1940. In December 1941 he succeeded Adolf Galland as Kommodore of JG26 until Januray 1943. Later, Kommodore of JG4 and JG6. He flew over 700 combat missions, achieving 40 victories, all in the West. He was awarded the Knight's Cross in 1940. Died 17th May 2003.





Hauptmann Otto Schultz
Our estimated value of this signature : £55

Hauptmann Otto Schultz

Otto Schultz flew with II /JG 51 Mölders during the Battle of Britain. He moved to the Eastern Front and gained his first victory on the 22 June 1941. As well as flying missions on the Russian front he also flew missions against Tunisia, Italy, Romania and Hungary. He was awarded his Knights Cross on the 14 March 1943 while at the rank of Oberfeldwebel with 51 victories. He scored 20 victories in Tunisia and went on to become Staffelkapitän of 6/JG 51. Schultz was a very accomplished fighter pilot and often referred to as one of the Luftwaffes fighter experts who on account of their ability and experience managed to survive the entire war completing a vast number of missions. Total of 73 victories, 40 of which scored on the Eastern Front and 8 four engined bombers. Over 800 missions.







Hannes Trautloft
Our estimated value of this signature : £70
Died : 1995

Hannes Trautloft

Hannes Trautloft is one of the Luftwaffe's great fighter leaders, scoring his first air victory in the Spanish Civil War in August 1936. Returning to Germany in 1937 he joined the national aerobatics team flying the Me109. Soon after the outbreak of World War II, Hannes took command of I./JG20 taking part in the Battle of Britain, before moving to the Balkans as Kommodore of JG54. Now leading the group on the Russian Front, JG54 took part in the heavy fighting, first in the Me109, then the Fw190. In the summer of 1943 Hannes Trautloft joined General Galland's staff. As a 'mutineer' he was sacked by Goering, thus ending an illustrious combat career comprising 550 combat missions and 57 aerial victories. he died 11th January 1995.






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